Friday, April 10, 2015

The missing epigraph

The German edition of the Sebald's Die Ringe des Saturn bears three epigraphs, only two of which survive into the English edition. The epigraph missing in action is a quotation from Milton - "Good and evil we know in the field of this world grow up together almost inseparably" - which is strangely misattributed to Paradise Lost. Given that there is no way this sentence can be fitted into the metric scheme of Milton's poem, it is - one would think - quite obvious that the attribution is wrong.  As often with Sebald, many questions are raised: was the misattribution deliberate? Why? And why was it omitted from the English version? One plausible explanation is that the translator, Michael Hulse, pointed out the error, and Sebald decided to drop it entirely, perhaps thinking that the echoes of the words "Paradise Lost" were crucial to the aimed at effect. Here I am also reminded of how Sebald in Logis in einem Landhaus (A Place in the Country) holds up Johann Peter Hebel's poem in which the burnt cinder of a destroyed earth is viewed from space, just as the boy returning home at night with his father asks if their home with its bright windows will one day be a ruin like the old castle. And in the same vein is the cumulative plangent sense of loss that permeates Die Ausgewanderten (The Emigrants).

The mis-cited Milton quotation is actually from The Areopagitica, and its full context is:

On the importance of even wrong ideas
Good and evil we know in the field of this world grow up together almost inseparably; and the knowledge of good is so involved and interwoven with the knowledge of evil, and in so many cunning resemblances hardly to be discerned, that those confused seeds which were imposed upon Psyche as an incessant labour to cull out and sort asunder, were not more intermixed. It was from out the rind of one apple tasted that the knowledge of good and evil, as two twins cleaving together, leaped forth into the world. And perhaps this is that doom which Adam fell into of knowing good and evil, that is to say of knowing good by evil.

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